Acquired From: Leen Helmink
Colouring: Uncoloured
Condition: Excellent
Confirmed: No
Dealers ID No.: 19281
Description: Joris van Spilbergen was a Dutch naval officer renowned for his service to the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and exploratory voyages, most notably his circumnavigation of the globe from 1614 to 1617. Leading an expedition of five ships, he navigated the Strait of Magellan and carried out raids on Spanish settlements along the coasts of Mexico and South America. His campaign included battles at Callao, Acapulco, and Navidad, as well as the capture of the pearl-fishing vessel San Francisco near Zacatula. After crossing the Pacific Ocean, Spilbergen visited the Mariana Islands and the Philippines, eventually reaching Ternate in the Moluccas by March 1616. He completed his global journey in 1617, returning to the Dutch Republic via a westward route.nIn 1619, Spilbergen documented his circumnavigation in Oost ende West-Indische Spiegel der 2 leste navigation (The East and West Indian Mirror), which was published alongside Jacob Le Maires pioneering exploration. One of the maps from the journal, numbered 3, is orientated with south at the top and depicts Spilbergen's fleet navigating the Strait of Magellan in 1615. The map shows the fleet entering the strait from the Atlantic Ocean on the left and exiting into the Pacific Ocean on the right. Remarkably, Spilbergen completed the passage in less than a monthfaster than any previous circumnavigator.nThe image vividly portrays key events from the voyage. One ship, the Meeuw, had been a source of repeated trouble, culminating in a mutiny. The mutineers abandoned the fleet, fleeing back to the Netherlands (Patria), which is illustrated in the maps left-hand section. The remaining five ships continued through the strait, encountering both hostile and friendly indigenous peoples. Hostile groups armed with clubs attacked the fleet, while others welcomed them, sharing wine and fruit.nThe map also highlights the natural environment encountered by Spilbergen and his crew, depicting the flora, fauna (notably a penguin), and the rugged mountainous terrain of Tierra del Fuego and Chile. Sparse vegetation, a few native huts, and the dramatic shorelines are intricately detailed.nThe index numbers on the map are explained in the accompanying text of Spilbergen's journal, which translates as follows:nA: One of our ships, overtaken by mutinous sailors, ultimately fled from the fleet.nB: The remaining five ships successfully navigating into the Strait.nC: A person who often appeared on the south side of the strait.nD: Depicts how the savages ambushed our men with clubs and killed them.nE: A group of savages who approached us on the beach and communicated with some of our men in an unfamiliar tongue.nF: Illustrates how the savages were offered Spanish wine and other goods, which they seemed to enjoy and accept with gratitude.nG: Red berries of excellent flavour that grow abundantly in the region.nH: A penguin, representing the numerous penguins found in the area.nI: Sailors shooting birds onshore.nK: The shape of their canoes or skiffs.
First published: Oost ende West-Indische Spiegel der 2 leste navigatien ghedaen inden jaehren 1614. 15. 16. 17. ende 18, daer in vertoont woort in wat gestalt Ioris van Speilbergen door de Magellanes de werelt rontom geseylt heeft … Met de Australische navigatien Leiden: Nicolaes van Geelkercken, 1619
Image Size (cm): 43.2×15
Mapmaker: Spilbergen, Joris van
Notes: Purchase details
Primary Category: Prints & Related Material
References: English translation of Spilbergen's Journal: Joris van Spilbergen (1906), The East and West Indian Mirror: Being an Account of Joris van Speilbergens Voyage Round the World (16141617), and the Australian Navigations of Jacob Le Maire, ed. and trans. J. A. J. de Villiers (London: Hakluyt Society, 1906).
Sheet size (cm): 45.5×17
Technique: Copper Engraving
This state: 1619
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